Lumbar disc herniation

The soft centre of a lumbar disc bulges through a tear in its outer ring and presses on a nerve root, causing sciatica: pain down the leg, worse than the back pain. Most settle within three months without surgery.

ICD-10 M51.1On the spinal cord3 stages

Installation

bunx shadcn@4.22.1 add @organui/lumbar-disc-herniation

This adds lumbar-disc-herniation.tsx, the disease's data and component, to your components directory. It is built on the disease viewer and reuses the models of the spinal cord, which install with it.

View registry item JSON

Usage

import { LumbarDiscHerniation } from "@/components/lumbar-disc-herniation"

export function LumbarDiscHerniationDemo() {
  return <LumbarDiscHerniation />
}

Every structure is a finding: affected structures are amber and spared ones muted. Select one, in 3D or in the panel, to read what the disease does there.

Course

Set stage or defaultStage to one of these. Each stage changes which structures are affected and the investigations to expect; the timeline under the model shows them in order, with the events along the way.

Sciatica "sciatica" · Weeks 0–6
Leg pain worse than back pain, often after lifting or bending, with numbness and weakness in one root's territory. Without red flags, no scan is needed yet.
- Red flags: Saddle numbness, bladder, bowel or sexual change, sciatica in both legs or weakness that is getting worse need an emergency MRI, within hours, day or night.
- Keep active: Advice to stay active, and an NSAID if needed. Gabapentinoids, other antiepileptics, oral steroids and benzodiazepines are not used: they do not help and can harm. An epidural steroid injection can help severe pain.
- MRI (after 6 weeks): For pain still disabling after six weeks or so, when surgery is being considered; the herniation must match the symptoms.
- Discectomy (if still disabling): Removing the herniated part relieves leg pain faster than waiting, though results are similar after a year.
Affects 2 structures of the spine.
Recovered "recovered" · By 3 months, in most
The herniated part shrinks as the body reabsorbs it, and the root recovers. Most need no surgery.
Affects 1 structure of the spine.
Or Cauda equina syndrome "cauda-equina-syndrome" · Hours to days
A large central herniation compresses the roots below it, including those to the bladder and bowel: an emergency. Without decompression the bladder, bowel and sexual function can be lost for good.
- Decompression (emergency): An MRI as soon as it is suspected, then surgery to remove the disc and free the roots without delay.
Affects 2 structures of the spine.

Without Panel

Hide the panel to place the model in your own layout, and choose the scale and stage with props.

Controlled

Drive the stage, scale and selection from your own state, such as a patient's timeline.

API Reference

Import LumbarDiscHerniationProps from the same file as LumbarDiscHerniation.

LumbarDiscHerniation props
Prop	Type	Default	Description
`scale`	`"spinal-cord"`	—	Control the scale shown.
`defaultScale`	`"spinal-cord"`	"spinal-cord"	Choose the scale shown first.
`onScaleChange`	`(scale: string) => void`	—	Receive the scale a reader chooses.
`stage`	`"sciatica" \| "recovered" \| "cauda-equina-syndrome"`	—	Control the stage shown.
`defaultStage`	`"sciatica" \| "recovered" \| "cauda-equina-syndrome"`	"sciatica"	Choose the stage shown first.
`onStageChange`	`(stage: string) => void`	—	Receive the stage a reader chooses.
`selectedId`	`string \| null`	null	Control the selected structure ID.
`onSelectionChange`	`(id: string \| null) => void`	—	Receive selections from the model and the panel.
`panel`	`boolean`	true	Show the scales, findings and investigations beside the model.
`timeline`	`boolean`	true	Show the course under the model, with its events and a play button. A disease with one stage has none.
`className`	`string`	—	Set the layout of the model and the panel.

Other props, such as visibility, controls, defaultView and ref, go to the organ viewer.

Models and licences

The component code is MIT. Each model keeps its own licence, and the viewer shows its credit; see Licences before hiding it.

Spine: BodyParts3D / Anatomography, © The Database Center for Life Science. CC BY-SA 2.1 Japan. Adapted by OrganUI., CC BY-SA 2.1 JP.

Educational, not for diagnosis or clinical decisions. The findings summarise typical disease; individual patients differ.